Book report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Book report - Essay Example The Author Ernest Miller Hemingway is an American writer who had been effectively composing somewhere in the range of 1920’s and 1950’s. Because of his impact in current writing, he had been granted with a Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. During that time, his work under examination which is Across the River and into the Trees had just been distributed. Hemingway’s notoriety can be ascribed to the character of his works which have a place in the personality of the twentieth century works of writing, explicitly fiction. His capacity to introduce persuasive characters in his fiction works that can identify with individuals is viewed as one of his most prominent abilities (Bloom 25). Ernest Hemingway began in Oak Park, III. He was conceived on July 21, 1899 and was seen to have a tendency recorded as a hard copy even at a youthful age. In the school paper, Hemingway previously contributed eminent articles. In 1925, after his profession in the United States as an o ffspring columnist and as a volunteer Red Cross rescue vehicle driver, he moved to Paris which turned into the characteristic of his vocation as a writer. He recorded the said stage in his life and effectively made significant commitments to the artistic world (Hemingway 1998, p. 27). Hemingway made and distributed the novel Across the River and into the Trees during the pinnacle of his profession. His fundamental motivation recorded as a hard copy the story was profoundly established on the outing throughout the fall of 1948 when he visited Italy. Venice is the primary area of the plot and the spot of motivation in the story (Hemingway 1998). The Plot of the Novel The tale is about the Richard Cantwell, who is a war veteran, scarred and experienced in fights. The story occurred throughout the winter of 1949, in the post-war period in Venice, Italy and the encompassing region. The fundamental character is a colonel who can be considered as a tragic man. In spite of the fact that he isn't unreasonably old, he had the trouble that is past his years because of the encounters that he had just experienced (Hemingway 1959, p. 1; Kellman 7). Colonel Cantwell, paying little heed to his character, went gaga for a youthful and delightful Italian royal lady. The affection and energy between the two characters can be considered as one of the most significant variables of the story. This inclination notwithstanding torment, energy, mental fortitude and even the sentiment of death are the principle subjects spoke to in the story (Hemingway 1950, p.1). The plot began as the principle character Colonel Cantwell, a multi year elderly person, went on a duck chasing trip in Trieste. This comprised the principal section of the novel which was set in right now. The scene wherein he rode a pontoon was drastically communicated in a structure that portrays parallelism of being in a war (Hemingway 1959, p.5). This can be ascribed to the way that the fundamental character is persistent ly living in his past which is as a rule some portion of a war. The following continuous parts managed the flashback of recollections in the life of the hero. Through the 38 sections, the life of Colonel Cantwell during the early piece of his life had been related. This is considered as one of the features of the novel since the creator had the option to introduce a practical and full of feeling introduction of occasions in the life of the hero. The message of the novel had been introduced in a congenial way through the portrayal of the fundamental character which offers access to the internal identity and brings the

Finance & Strategic Management Essay Example for Free

Account Strategic Management Essay Over the previous decades the idea of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has kept on developing in significance and criticalness because of outside weight of various partners, and has in this manner become progressively noticeable on companies’ motivation (Carroll Shabana, 2010; Beurden Gossling, 2008). The idea of CSR has been dependent upon impressive discussion, discourse, hypothesis building and proceeds with inquire about (Carroll Shabana, 2010). The inquiry, of whether CSR speculations bring about budgetary and social advantages that exceed its expenses, is seriously investigated in existing writing (Schreck, 2001; Carroll Shabana, 2010). Disciples of CSR contend that it is in the drawn out personal circumstance of companies to be socially included (Carroll Shabana, 2010; Barnet 2007). The general rationale is that CSR builds the reliability of firms and reinforces the associations with partners. CSR may additionally bring about diminished exchange costs and in this way improved corporate monetary execution (CFP), by diminishing representative turnover, lessening working expenses, just as working as a cradle in troublesome occasions (Carroll Shabana, 2010; Barnet, 2007). Barnett (2007) and Schreck (2011) contend that, if the budgetary advantages of CSR meet or surpass the expenses, CSR can be advocated as a reasonable speculation. As indicated by Kurucz, Colbert and Wheeler (2008), firms may accomplish four particular advantages from taking part in CSR; cost and hazard decrease; increasing upper hand; creating notoriety and authenticity; and looking for winâ€win results through synergistic worth creation. Pundits of CSR ordinarily utilize old style financial contentions, enunciated most powerfully by Friedman (Carroll Shabana, 2010). Generally, the consumptions of CSR are viewed as an ill-conceived misuse of assets, which strife with a firm’s obligation to its investors (Schreck, 2011, Barnet, 2007). As indicated by Friedman (1970) â€Å"There is one and only one social duty of business †to utilize it assets and take part in exercises intended to expand its benefits inasmuch as it remains inside the standards of the game†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . Friedman further contended that, social issues are not the worry of businessmen, and â€Å"the business of business is business† (Carroll Shabana, 2010). Despite the fact that CSR have been liable to investigate, an expanding number of enterprises are tolerating obligations that broaden well past the quick enthusiasm of the proprietors, by considering â€Å"non-investor stakeholders’ concerns† (Grant, 2010; Clegg, Carter, Kornberger Schweitzer, 2011). In spite of the fact that the presence, course and quality of potential connections among CSR and CFP have been the subject of a few observational examinations (Schreck, 2011), and despite the fact that CSR is generally rehearsed, the outcomes from experimental investigations are uncertain (De Bakker, Groenewegen Hond, 2005). After over thirty years of research, it can't plainly be finished up, regardless of whether a one-dollar interest in social activities returns pretty much, than one dollar in advantages to investors (Barnet, 2007; Surroca Tribo Waddock, 2008). The uncertainty of experimental examinations might be because of muddled and conflicting meanings of key terms (De Bakker, Groenewegen Hond, 2005; Barnet, 2007), methodological contrasts (Carrol Shabana, 2010), and assorted methodologies of estimating CSR and CFP (Beurden Gossling, 2008). In existing writing, CSR exercises are frequently entioned to diminish hazard, by keeping away from the different outcomes of good dissatisfaction by various partners (Zadek, 2000). Be that as it may, CSR inferred chance decreases are considered as an ex-post gainful result and not as a proactive hazard the executives instrument to control or lessen eccentric hazard (firm explicit). Under the supposition that, investors are chance antagonistic and lean toward a high anticipated return (Bodie, Kane Marcus, 2011; Brealey, Myers Allen, 2011), a decrease of firm explicit hazard must be seen as well. Given that CSR speculations can be applied as a hazard the executives instrument, CSR could be viewed as ventures by firms for the benefit of its investors. Taking an investor viewpoint, this paper looks past the socially great deed of CSR, and spotlights on the estimation of CSR as a strategy to diminish quirky hazard without hindrance of CFP. CSR and Risk Management Since this paper guesses that, CSR can be applied as a hazard the board instrument to safeguard CFP, chance should be characterized. Hazard can be characterized as the vulnerability about results or occasions, particularly as for the future (Orlitzky Benjamin, 2001). Generally hazard the executives is characterized as an administrative device to keep away from chance, move hazard to another gathering, lessen chance, or now and again tolerating outcomes of a specific hazard (Froot, Scharfstein Stein, 1994). A shareholder’s point of view on hazard the executives be that as it may, clashes with the capital resource evaluating model (CAPM) (Markowitz, 1952) and the Modigliani Miller’s hypothesis on capital structure (1958). CAPM hypothesis expresses that, the expense of diminishing eccentric dangers at the same time lessens the normal return, and subsequently firm worth (Markowitz, 1952). Hazard decrease by holding an all around differentiated arrangement of protections will be out of reach by chance administration (Godfrey, Merrill Hansen, 2009), why a benefit expanding financial specialist would not lean toward chance administration. Complete firm hazard is by and large the blend of efficient and unsystematic hazard (Hoje Haejung, 2012). Precise hazard, regularly alluded to as market chance or non-diversifiable hazard, is typically characterized as the firm’s affectability to changes in the market normal returns, which can't be decreased by enhancement of investors (Weber, 2008; Luo Bhattacharya, 2009; Orlitzky Benjamin, 2001). Unsystematic hazard is characterized as eccentric hazard (Hoje Haejung, 2012; Luo Bhattacharya, 2009). Peculiar hazard is customarily seen as not interested in the portfolio financial specialists, since it is related with explicit organizations and accordingly can be diminished by expanded portfolios (Husted, 2005; Weber, 2008). Restricting particular hazard is of incredible pertinence to the firm supervisor, whose very endurance may rely on taking satisfactory measures to diminish the peculiar hazard (Husted, 2005). Firms’ money related hazard is regularly characterized regarding fluctuation of profits (Orlitsky Benjamin 2001), or stock value instability (Luo Bhattacharya, 2009), which is significant hazard measures, given that higher unpredictability suggests more noteworthy venture chance and questionable future incomes (Luo Bhattacharya, 2009; Oikonomou, Brooks Pavelin, 2012). A decrease in particular hazard reflects diminished fluctuation later on expected incomes, which converts into more prominent investor riches (Luo Bhattacharya, 2009; Mishra Modi, 2012). In a severe Modigliani and Miller point of view, chance administration instruments are of no worth, since these are absolutely budgetary exchanges that don't influence the estimation of a company’s working resources (Froot, Scharfstein Stein, 1994). The perspectives on CAMP and Modigliani and Miller have been supplanted by a postmodern perspective on chance administration as a significant key instrument. Firms do put resources into protections despite the fact that the expenses of these ventures might be in overabundance of anticipated misfortunes, which is in clear infringement with the ideal market suspicion (Smith Stulz, 1985; Stultz, 2002). On the off chance that chance administration can decrease firms’ presentation to eccentric dangers, it ensures investors against the deadweight expenses of serious money related trouble as it were, that financial specialists can not achieve in the market by enhancing (Godfrey, Merrill Hansen, 2009). Audit of the linkage among CSR and hazard For quite a few years, scientists have planned for finding an indisputable linkage among CSR and CFP, the writing notwithstanding, remains exceptionally divided (Aguinis Glavas 2012). As per Orlitsky Benjamin (2001) genuine monetary execution shows itself in both high budgetary returns and low money related hazard. Among budgetary and non-money related advantages, hazard decrease is frequently referenced as a positive result of taking part in CSR exercises. Doorman and Kramer (2006) contend that, today’s pressure, of outside partners to consider organizations responsible for social issues, learly exhibit the potential enormous monetary dangers for any company. A few researchers accentuate, that the expenses of CSR can be advocated by decreases in hazard and costs got from commitment in social issues (Caroll Shabana, 2010). The essential contention is that the different requests of partners speak to potential dangers and dangers to the reasonability of the firm, why it is the financial enthusiasm of firms to alleviate these dangers and addition authenticity through social inclusion (Caroll Shabana, 2010; Schreck, 2011; Kurucz, Colbert Wheeler 2008). Existing writing on the CSR-hazard relationship is essentially collectively concurring upon a negative connection among's CRS and quirky hazard, where observational outcomes show that CSR brings down eccentric hazard (Spicer, 1978; Orlitsky Benjamin, 2001; Godfrey, 2005; Hoje Haejung, 2012; Caroll Shabana, 2010; Godfrey, Merrill Hansen, 2009; Heal, 2005; Luo Bhattacharya, 2012; Oikonomou, Brooks Pavelin, 2012; Berman, Wicks, Kotha Jones, 1999; Hart, 1995; Shrivastava, 1995; Peloza, 2006). A few investigations have likewise demonstrated a huge negative connection among CSR and methodical hazard (non-diversifiable) (Hoje Haejung 2012; Orlitzky Benjamin, 2001; Mcguire, Sungren Scneewies, 1988; Luo Bhattacharya, 2009). CSR diminishes eccentric hazard by decreasing the probabilities of anticipated budgetary, social, or natural emergency that could antagonistically impact firms’ incomes (Hoje Haejung, 2012). Firms apparent as socially capable might have the option to increment relational trust among partners, construct social

Models Of Forensic Psychology Case Study Social Work Essay

Models Of Forensic Psychology Case Study Social Work Essay Andrew is fifteen. He has been blamed for explicitly attacking his more youthful sister and might be accused of this soon. A portion of his family have a background marked by mental turmoil and he has a past filled with learning and social challenges, because of which he has been going to a private uncommon school. He doesn't recognize the allegations against him and is hesitant to talk about them. Data FROM INTERVIEW Andrew presents as a tall, thin manufactured youth who is fretfully on edge, turning away for a large portion of the meeting, and over and over yawning in an overstated way to show how little he needs to be associated with the conversation. In spite of this he is basically affable in way and answers all inquiries, at any rate in some measure. His evident degree of knowledge places him in the mellow scope of disability, and he is additionally extremely touchy to anything that he thinks puts him off guard or makes him look thick. He has some social aptitudes, in spite of the fact that these are not constantly utilized and once in a while he shows up socially disinhibited. He has a sensible jargon and forces of discourse. There are no conduct stereotypies (monotonous clearly purposeless developments) and no perseverative conduct (duration of practices after their unique reason has been served). In any case, his forces of focus are restricted and he is effortlessly occupied from conversation. His consideration is centered around his apparent probability that he will naturally go to jail, whether or not he is charged or not. He trusts that a blend of his clinical history and disavowal of the claims will be sufficient to get him through any legitimate procedures. Andrew says he hasnt been accused of anything since I aint done nowt. By the by he can say that rape implies attempting to cause someone to accomplish something engage in sexual relations, how to make babies and that entrance implies putting a finger up somebody up (the) clitoris of ladies. He has just been authoritatively approached on one event about for whats going on now fundamentally however can portray no subtleties and says that he aint pestered on the grounds that I havent done it. CURRENT CIRCUMSTANCES Andrew has his own room at his uncommon school and has made a couple of companions. The movement that he appreciates most, and gets most from, is examining engine vehicles and he has built up an aspiration to turn into a specialist. He gets back home for certain ends of the week and for occasion periods. At present he believes he hasnt found some useful task to fulfill any longer. This is both due to the conceivable pending charges and in light of the fact that he feels individuals are dropping dead around me. A dear companion (female) of his kicked the bucket as of late, and his life has not felt the equivalent since his dad passed on surprisingly the day preceding his birthday four prior, and his fatherly grandma kicked the bucket about a year thereafter. He might want to turn into an engine specialist, yet thinks this won't be conceivable, except if he can get preparing in jail, in view of his conceivable legal dispute. Individual AND FAMILY HISTORY He is the most youthful individual from his family, in spite of the fact that his own rundown of his kin and half-kin is somewhat unique to that gave by his family. His dad passed on from a cardiovascular failure and his mom has a great deal of issues with her wellbeing. He was barred from his first school for tossing a block at an educator or something to that effect they were doing my head in constantly. Clinical HISTORY He has been analyzed as having ADHD (Attention shortfall hyperactivity issue), and says this is the reason he is at life experience school. He says that he used to get all frantic and despise individuals and take it out on them yet this has improved all the more as of late. Two years back he attempted to balance himself with two belts since he just felt like it I couldnt be tried living any longer I did it for entertainment only I thought it was clever. He likewise attempted to slit his wrist, and still has a black out scar from this. He keeps on having occasional considerations about a fast unexpected passing as a method of not enduring living any longer. In spite of the fact that these contemplations mirror a discouraged perspective on life there is no sign that he presently has a burdensome disease. He has recently taken the antihyperactivity medicate Ritalin, however has now ended this and portrays it as doing my head in. SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT HISTORY He initially turned out to be explicitly mindful at an exceptionally youthful age, because of being given data either by one of his sisters or a companion. His dad instructed him not to have intercourse until he was more established in order to abstain from having kids. His most grounded sexual experience so far has been with a sweetheart who he depicted as the most pleasant individual you could meet despite the fact that my sister considered her a smackhead'. He denies the claims about his sister and portrays them as all untruths. Questions What recognizable dangers, giving your reasons, does Andrew present a) for the time being and b) in the more drawn out term? Rank them once in their request for conviction, and again in their request for significance. Build a meeting system to assist exploring with policing officials further inquiry Andrew about the claims in regards to his sister, clarifying your method of reasoning. Contextual investigation 2 Mr D Case Study Peruse the accompanying contextual investigation cautiously. Utilizing your insight into hazard appraisal, mental disarranges and culpable conduct and meeting and treatment systems answer the accompanying inquiries: Portray the type(s) of mental issue Mr D might be experiencing Consider whether those clutters are probably going to add to the hazard he postures of future brutality Distinguish those dangers that Mr D stances to himself as well as other people Consider whether you would release Mr D from medical clinic right now and give your reasons why (Point 5 is discretionary) Highlight what challenges Mr D may present in treatment and how you may defeat them. Foundation Youth Mr D was destined to a multi year old mother and considered after a single night rendezvous. Mr D reviewed a disrupted adolescence because of his mom giving over his consideration to her folks. Mr D depicted how he preferred living with his grandparents, anyway he additionally portrayed how his granddad much of the time utilized liquor and his grandma was severe and didn't permit him to associate with other kids. Social issues were noted from the age of 4. All through this timespan Mr D started having extreme fits which included hitting and kicking and Mr D was alluded to the Childrens Hospital at 8 years old. This followed a serious assault required against his granddad including a blade. All through the meeting procedure Mr D stayed shut about his relationship with his granddad. Later reports demonstrate he was explicitly mishandled by his granddad however Mr D will not examine this subject. Mr D was taken into care at 8 years old, where again he detailed a disrupted timeframe described by disengagement and tormenting. Mr D had the option to live with a non-permanent family whom he portrayed as steady for the following two years and it is of note that there were no conduct troubles noted for Mr D inside this timeframe. Mr D seemed to settled with this family and their two children, which permitted him to frame secure connections with this family. Lamentably the family expected to emigrate to South Africa, and despite the fact that he was approached to go with them, Mr D decided to stay near his grandparents. Mr D went through the following five years in Childrens homes, scattered by cultivate positions which separated. Mr D came back to live with his grandparents following this period. Past reports demonstrate clashing perspectives about this timespan, some showing that Mr D had increasingly positive associations with his grandparents and mom right now, however with others featuring that his grandparents didn't generally address him. Instruction and work Mr D went to roughly five unique schools as he was moved because of his everyday environment evolving. Mr D reviewed an agitated timeframe at school as he was tormented. He likewise depicted himself as hyper, I would shout and yell a great deal and discovered exercises exhausting. Records demonstrate that Mr D started rejecting school at 4 years old and has a huge history of truancy all through his instruction. Mr D left school without any capabilities yet school reports depict him as outstandingly brilliant. Mr D has never been in formal business. In the wake of leaving school he was jobless for a long time as he detailed he was unable to get a new line of work that intrigued him and he was experiencing issues with his psychological wellness. Following this, Mr D has been confined because of the conviction for his record offense. Substance and liquor abuse Mr D reports a generous history of cannabis use and a background marked by hitting the bottle hard. Mental History Mr D originally came into contact with emotional wellness administrations at 8 years old when he was admitted to the Childrens Hospital for about a month and a half after a brutal assault on his granddad. An ECG and neurological assessment at the time were seen as typical, anyway Mr Ds mother reviewed a dark fix being found. Following this Mr D was alluded to an Adolescent Unit at 14 years old because of conduct issues, for example, declining to go to class and standing exposed in the window. Soon thereafter, Mr D was admitted to the emergency clinic and was portrayed by the specialist as a disengaged and pulled back individual, having no self-assurance who reacted with forceful upheavals when disappointed. Mr D self-hurt by cutting his arms with a bit of glass. In the wake of being indicted for two episodes of obscene introduction at 17 years old, Mr D got outpatient treatment at first, yet following another charge for disgusting presentation Mr D was conceded as an inpatient. Now he was looking at harming individuals before they got the opportunity to harm him. On the ninth April 1987 Mr D was again accused of obscene introduction and was remanded under area 35 of the Mental Health Act (1983). During his appraisal there, it was noticed that he

Med School Blogger Interview with Dr. Mareková

Never get discouraged; youve already made it this far. Get ready to read about Dr. Marekovà ¡, a med school intern who blogs about life and medicine at Dr. Marekovà ¡. Thanks Doc for sharing your med school experience with us! Accepted: First, can you tell us a little about yourself? Where are you from? Where and what did you study as an undergrad? Dr. Marekovà ¡: First of all, I am from Czech Republic. Born and raised in a multi cultural and multi ethnic family and home schooled part of my life. Ive been living in Canada for years, because my parents were born here from immigrant parents and their decision to come back here was to give us a better education that has a better value world view. Helping others is a big part – or at least Im trying to make it a big part – of my life ever since I was younger but I never knew what to really do. So when I came around to college I signed up in natural sciences and arts just to get by and sign up for university 2 years later. When the time came, I applied to every university that had a medical faculty in Quà ©bec (Ive always done my education in French so I picked a university that was French). Choosing the right university was hard after being accepted to all of them and I went with the best offers and the best ranked one. Where I got my education, we dont have undergrad school and then med school. We have high school until 17 then college until 19 (college here is general in a field a little more specific but nothing like premed and such). And then, you can go to university and the program can be completed in 2 years (all year long) to 5 years (smaller semesters and only 2 semesters for classes) and then another 2 years are in the field before the one year intensive internship. So its a 4 to 7 year process once you get there depending on your motivation. Accepted: What stage are you up to in med school? Dr. Marekovà ¡: Well, I finished med schooltechnically. I have been an intern since November  2012. Accepted: How many med schools did you apply to? How did you select your current program? Dr. Marekovà ¡: I applied to 4 med schools. And picked the one where I had the best of everything. The staff and the facilities are amazing and we have 4 different hospitals with so many specialties to pick from. Ever since I was younger, it was my dream university so that kind of helped too. Accepted: What is your favorite thing about med school? Least favorite? Dr. Marekovà ¡: My favorite thing about med school are the labs. Getting to touch and see all sorts of things, I just love it. I wouldnt say I have a least favorite thing about it. †¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨Accepted: What is your biggest challenge? How would you advice incoming students so that they have an easier time adjusting to or overcoming that challenge? Dr. Marekovà ¡: The biggest challenge is to adjust yourself. Get used to everything really fast. All I can say is never give up. Never get discouraged; youve already made it this far. Accepted: Do you know yet what you plan on specializing in? Dr. Marekovà ¡: I know I want to specialize in surgery but I am still unsure about which kind. General surgery is amazing because you get to touch a little of everything but neurology amazes me. †¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨Accepted: Can you share some med school admissions tips with our applicant readers? Dr. Marekovà ¡: The best tip I can give to anyone applying or passing exams for med school admission is to just be yourself. Dont over dress but dont be too casual; just be comfortable. Being calm is the key to the interviews. Do you want to be featured in Accepted.coms blog, Accepted Admissions Blog? If you want to share your med school journey with the world (or at least with our readers), email us at bloggers@accepted.com. //

Research proposal Example

Essays on Research proposal Coursework AC2040: Individual research proposal Module Research in Accounting and Finance Module AC2040 Assignment Impact of the financial crisis on MA in the UK Student No: u0905794 Content page 1.0 Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 1.1 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 1.2 problem statement †¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 2.1 Primary objectives of the research†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..5 2.2 Motivation for study†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 3.1 Research objectives†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.6 4. Research questions and/or research hypotheses†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...6 5. A review of the relevant literature†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 6. The importance of the proposed research†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.7 6.1 Reasons behind the failure of mergers†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..8 6.2 Benefits of some mergers†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 7. The proposed research design, method of data collection and analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.9 7.1 Method of Collecting data†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦10 1.0 Abstract. This research proposal project is mainly aimed at the reasons behind the failure of merger and acquisition in light of the current recession, one of the key reason companies implement merger and acquisition for the faster growth or to expand the business in the home or foreign countries, many companies has already succeeded through ME, however there are also many companies failed to achieve expansion of their business. This report looks at the reason behind these failures of ME because of recession and also looks at how any external macroeconomic factor affect the success of ME. for this research purpose secondary data have been used. Successful ME and failed ME are analyzed to identify key factors of mergers; final part of this report suggests the issues need to be considered before agreeing to merger and acquisition. 1.1 Introduction. Research is defined is a process to increase or revise current knowledge by discovering information or to reach a conclusion. Research can be used for many purpose, such as, to identify if there is a need for new product, find out employee motivation, or it can be used to find out if a project is going to be a success or failure etc. the finding in this research will be used by various stakeholders once it concluded, therefore, if it is essential that the researcher uses accurate data to arrive at conclusion 1.2 Problem statement. This report is designed to identify mains reason behind merger and acquisition failure and the macro factors affects the success of merger and acquisition, what management should do before making merger and acquisition agreement. 2.1 Primary objectives of the research. Primary objective: The main goals of this research is research in merger and acquisition area and identify and investigate main reasons behind the failure of merger and acquisition, especial attention will be given to newly acquired merger and acquisition companies to identify their success or failure behind ME, under this objective this research paper is going to consider the disadvantages of these mergers. Another primary objective is the secrete success behind some merger, by this this research paper is going to look into, adversely the advantages of mergers and acquisition, 2.2 Motivation for study Mergers and acquisitions are the common growth strategy that the organization are adapting to expand the business, the companies are expecting synergy effects in considering the mergers and acquisition, however there are many mergers and acquisition failed to achieve the desired objectives. This research is undertaken to find out why the mergers and acquisition fails, and the impact on the origination as a result of mergers and acquisitions 3.1 Research objectives Secondary objective would be to analyze the macro economic factors that contribute to the failure of ME, under this objective I am going to consider some of the possible solutions to the problems that results into failure. Another secondary objective is to consider the secrets of success to most mergers, give some of the macro-economic factors behind the success of failure of some mergers. 4. Research questions and/or research hypotheses Before we venture deeply in this research paper, it is rather very prudent to come up with some of the relevant research question that we expect to be answered by the end of these researches. Below are some of the research questions. Research questions 1. Some of the main reasons behind the formation of most mergers and acquisition? 2. What are the reasons behind the failure of some mergers and acquisition? 3. What are some of the reasons for success for most mergers and acquisition? 4. What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of some mergers and acquisition? 5. A review of the relevant literature. An online article by finance.mapsofworld.com about the reason behind the formation of most mergers and acquisition. Mergers and acquisitions and the takeovers have constantly kept interest of most economists and scientist alive. Most Mergers might prove very beneficial varying on the strategies they adopt, but it is very inappropriate to conclude that all mergers are successful. There exist several reasons for the formation of mergers and takeovers. For example, one specific company might be very good at the administration as compared to another company which is good at operations or marketing strategies. If the two expertise are is amalgamated, the result is a superb synergy. New company is initiated as a result, having potential higher and very superior to the individual companies previously. Through the application of the rules of synergy efficiently, merger can be a success. Other reasons for the formation of most mergers include: To enhancing company productivity. A general tendency, that the companies merging would monopolize the whole market, thus ousting others. Some are formed due to Political factors. In order to trim down subsequent expenses and elevating the revenues. To improve sufficiency to operate. Most Hindrances are always in the form of inadequate investment capacity, stiff competition as a result of the company that are unable to keep pace with the other competing companies. In that case, the subsidiaries might find it wise to merge with their parent company for better productions. 6. The importance of the proposed research. There exists several importance and relevancies of this research; first of all, it looks at the reasons behind the failure of many mergers, the success behind some of the mergers, the advantages of mergers, the disadvantages of mergers. First this research paper will consider the above importance in the nature of their sequence. Reasons behind the failure of mergers Ignorance as the companies to a merger or rather the acquisition are not able to exchange commercially delicate information earlier to before the formation of the common ownership, there exist enough critically significant and legally tolerable preparation work in order to sustain an integration team occupied for many months just before the day one. Team resourcing, the Resource that are always required are more often than not underestimated. It might take three to four months in order to release the champ players from the subsequent business to link the integration team, discover a backfill for the parties, assign contractors to seal the gaps and the set up the contractors infrastructure. Almost all the mergers start this too late and are not prepared to work on it once that deal is considered completed. Poor governance, Absence or lack of clarity as to the party who should decide what, and no clarified problem resolution criteria. By Integrating organizations, a myriad of issues are brought up which need proper and timely resolution otherwise the project might come to a sudden halt. To add on that the author of the article states clear is that: speed matters, not unless with a prudent decision making process. Weak leadership by bringing together two organizations can be compared to sailing through a very heinous storm: one need a very strong and competent captain, one whom everyone trusts to lead the ship to the prescribed destination, one who projects energy, clarity, enthusiasm, and communicates that energy to its passengers. Benefits of some mergers Benefits of MA are manifold. M A can and do generate a lot of cost efficiency via the economies of scale, and can and do improve revenue via gain in the market share and through tax gains. Some of the principal benefits from MA can as well be listed as an elevated value generation, elevation in the cost efficiency and notable increase in the market share Greater Value Generation, M A frequently concludes into an increased value generation for the common ownership. It is an expectation that shareholder value of the firm that merged be higher more than the the entire sum of shareholder values of the mother companies. Generally speaking MA do succeed in the generation of cost efficiency via the implementation of the economies of scale. Gaining Cost Efficiency as the parties come together through MA, the resultant company does enjoy the benefit in terms of the cost efficiency. Increase in the cost efficiency is interfered with through the procedure of MA. This is as a result of mergers lead to the enjoyment of the economies of scale. This as a result enhances the cost efficiency. While the mother firms amalgamate forming bigger new firm their economic scale of their operations of the resultant firm increases. While the output production elevates there exists possibilities of the cost per unit of production coming down 7. The proposed research design, method of data collection and analysis. I have categorized the research data into primary and secondary data. I have generated the primary data using data gathering procedures and techniques. I have generated the Secondary data with others and will include the case materials, data-sets, and manual or computer databases published by various public and private organizations or maybe the government departments In this research I used the below method of data collection 7.1 Method of collecting data Questionnaire Open ended questionnaire Closed questionnaire Interviews Works Cited COYLE, B. (2000). Mergers and acquisitions. Chicago, Glenlake Pub. http://search.theebscohost.com/login.aspx?directtruescopesitedbnlebkdbnlabkAN=52734. WESTON, J. F., WEAVER, S. C. (2001). Mergers and acquisitions. New York, McGraw-Hill. http://search.ebscohost.comlogin.aspx?directtruescopesitedbnlebkdbnlabkAN=63213. AUERBACH, A. J. (1988). Mergers and acquisitions. Chicago, University of Chicago Press. ROMANEK, B., KRUS, C. M. (2002). Mergers and acquisitions. Oxford, Capstone. http://search.ebscohost.comlogin.aspx?directtruescopesitedbnlebkdb=nlabkAN=71323. FINKELSTEIN, S., COOPER, C. L. (2010). Advances in mergers and acquisitions. United Kingdom, Emerald. http://site.ebrary.com/id/10445340. BRYER, L. G., SIMENSKY, M. (2002). Intellectual property assets in mergers and acquisitions. New York, Wiley. http://search.ebscohost.comlogin.aspx?directtruescopesitedb=nlebkdbnlabkAN=74243. BUONO, A. F., BOWDITCH, J. L. (1989). The human side of mergers and acquisitions: managing collisions between people, cultures, and organizations. San Francisco, Jossey-Bass Publishers. SHERMAN, A. J. (1998). Mergers and acquisitions from A to Z strategic and practical guidance for small- and middle-market buyers and sellers. New York, AMACOM. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?directtruescopesitedbnlebkdbnlabkAN=2045. REZAEE, Z. (2001). Financial institutions, valuations, mergers, and acquisitions the fair value approach. New York, John Wiley. http://public.eblib.com/EBLPublic/PublicView.do?ptiID=117511. ROCK, M. L. (1987). The Mergers and acquisitions handbook. New York, McGraw-Hill.

Property Right free essay sample

In a well-known legal case, a classic conflict of property rights was featured. Red cedar trees, used only for ornamental purposes, carried a disease that could destroy apple orchards within a radius of two miles. There was no known way of curing the disease except by destroying the cedar trees or by ensuring that apple orchards were at least two miles away from the cedar trees. Apply the Coase theorem to this situation. Does it make any difference to the outcome whether the cedar tree owners are entitled to retain their trees or the apple growers are entitled to be free of them? Answer Coarse theorem is a concept in economics, which explains that efficiency in economic activities is best, attained through the full provision and absolute trading feely in property rights. The concept further explains that the most important thing is that everything is owned by someone. It is also based on two fundamental ideas of freedom of choice and zero operation costs. Actually, according to this theorem, there is no much difference created to the results whether the owners of the cedar trees are entitled to retain their trees or the apple growers are entitled to be free of them. The reason is because, what is most important is that both properties are owned by someone. Both parties need to have their property rights respected. If there is a situation that the trees are cut, their ornamental value is lost. Moreover, bringing the apple orchards closer to the trees, within a radius of less than two miles would lead to their eventual destruction. In order to ensure there is freedom of choice as well as the operational costs are minimized, a distance of at least two mile should be maintained between the apple orchards and the cedar trees. This ensures that both property rights hold. Question 2 CH 4 (P. 89) In primitive societies the entitlements to use land were frequently possessory rights rather than ownership rights. Those on the land could use it as they wished, but they could not transfer it to someone else. One could acquire a new plot by simply occupying and using it, leaving the old plot available for someone else. Would this type of entitlement system cause more or less incentive to conserve the land than an ownership entitlement? Why? Would a possessory entitlement system be more efficient in a modern society r primitive society? Why? The concept of land possession involves being entitled to the use of land, which is freely transferable and does not normally have a specified date for termination of title. Nevertheless, possessors of the land are required to make payments only for the value of the land when it is in unimproved situation. It is different from land ownership whereby an individual is legally rec ognized as the rightful owner of the land. A possessory form of land use allows land possessors to use the land and later transfer it to someone else on whatever terms agreed upon. In most cases, little attention is accorded to land conservation measures since people normally focus on overproduction at the expense of the quality of the environment. They focus on making the best use of the land for the time it is entitled to them. In addition, possessory entitlements to land find better application in the primitive societies rather than in the modern one. Sometimes people have been evicted from lands that they have been using for a long period of time thereby causing a lot of confrontations. Therefore, possessory rights to land use cannot be determined legally but is instead determined within a social framework. Question 3 CH3 (P. 62) Certain environmental laws prohibit EPA from considering the costs of meeting various standards when the levels of standards are set. Is this a good thing of â€Å"putting first things first† or simply an unjustifiable waste of resources? Why? Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was created by the federal government of United Sates of America with the mandate to protect human wellbeing and the surroundings by implementing enactments passed by the Congress. The responsibilities of this program need considerable income to actualize among other important things. The federal government has continued to support the implementation of the EPA program owing to its priceless benefits. Poor management of natural resources in the recent couple of decades has contributed to degradation of the environment. The cost to rehabilitate and consequently reach the expected standards is exceedingly great. Sometime the cost estimates exceeds the benefits, however, it is never a waste of resources since benefits are eventually realized on the long term. Natural calamities have befallen areas that had experienced excessive destruction of the environment due to imbalances created in natural forces. In order to find an approximate benefit of attaining the standard, the EPA program makes use of the estimation of benefits and expenses of meeting a substitute standard to that of the existing one. In addition, the program uses complicated models of air quality measures to offer a number of estimates that support projected benefits for attaining each of the anticipated standards. Question 4 CH17 (P. 437) Concerned individuals can now seek to reduce their carbon footprint by buying offsets. Air travelers, for example, are now asked if they wish to purchase offsets when they buy their ticket. Is it a complement or substitute for national climate change policy? Why? Purchase of offsets is a complement for national climate change policy. A reduction of carbon footprints by purchase is a way of trying to compensate for the emissions that may be produced elsewhere. However, completely eradicating national climate change policy for purchase offsets can be detrimental to the whole process. To begin with, purchase of offsets is a voluntary activity in which no one is forced to take part in. as a result, only those that feel obliged or even environmentally conscious will take part. At the end of the day, the offsets will not be able to completely cover for the excesses produced. In addition, with the absence of a policy that guides the nation in the fight against climate change will prove quite problematic. With everyone playing their role as they wish in the fight against carbon emissions, the whole process will be chaotic. The producers that may be emitting the carbon into the atmosphere will not have anyone or anything to observe their activities. Without proper guidelines that can govern these producers, more than acceptable levels of carbon may be emitted into the atmosphere. In that case, the offsetting program should only work side to side with the national climate change policy if there are to be any tangible fruits. Question 5 CH16 (P. 411) European countries have relied to a much greater extent on emission charges than has the United States, which seems to be moving toward greater reliance on transferable emission permits. From an efficiency point of view, should the United States follow Europe’s lead and shift the emphasis toward emission charges? Why or why not? From an efficiency point of view, the United States should follow the example of European nations in adopting emission charges. Emission charges have the effect of increasing fuel efficiency thus regulating the amount of emissions. This will force various emitters to opt for the bet alternatives in the market that will reduce the amount of fuel being consumed. Given that there is impending threat in the amount of fuel that will be available to the public in the near future, then this will work to the advantage of everyone involved. Adoption of emission charges swill ensures that the external charges (externalities) will be reflected in the total cost of production. Under the current setup, the producers of various services completely ignore the effect the emissions they produce have on the general population as long as they are making profits. However, charging them emission fees, the producers will be more careful in their production process. They need to produce at maximum efficiency if they are to make any tangible profits. The higher their emissions, the higher the charges in terms of emissions and as a result their profits will be reduced substantially. Efficiency will be key to avoiding large penalties that will corrode all their profits.

Essay Topics About Education Samples

Essay Topics About Education SamplesIf you're looking for some essay topics for your project, then this article is for you. These topics will help you come up with a variety of topics that you can use for your essay about education samples. And while these topics are different than essay topics used for any other type of assignment, they're still worth considering when you need an idea for a few different papers.The first thing you should do before you look for essay topics for your project is to write down as many ways to approach the topic as you can think of. Make sure that you write out just a single idea at a time so that you don't forget about the idea you want to include in your essay. However, you may find that it's very helpful to have another person who can help you think through the ideas you've written out.In addition to thinking about the topics you want to use for your essay about education samples, make sure that you also look for essay topics about topics that you kno w nothing about. For example, if you're writing a project about law school, then you could look for topics like 'What is the most important part of law school?' or 'What types of issues will students face in law school?'You might find that you don't know anything about these different types of topics, so in this case, it's best to put them off until later. When you find a topic that you know something about, you'll be able to refer back to it when you're completing your essay about education samples. As long as you stay focused on one topic at a time, this won't become a problem.When you're starting out with the topic of article subjects, you can use them as the basis for your essay about education samples. For example, if you're writing about 'exam samples' for an exam, you could use the topic 'Sample Exams' as your essay topic. This theme is also quite common, as many college students use article subjects as a part of their projects. If you need help getting started with this, the re are a variety of easy, specific topics that will help you.If you're looking for a more general topic, you could consider topics like 'Food,' 'Travel,' or 'Languages.' These are a good place to start because they are categories that you know a lot about and can relate to. You can also look at the theme that you're working with when you begin your essay about education samples, and then you can add your own details to it when you're writing.When you're looking for topic ideas, you should try to make sure that you aren't limited to one particular category. You should also make sure that you're looking for essay topics for all kinds of topics. That way, you can mix things up as you work through your project, and the more sources you can turn to, the better.If you're trying to get ready for a specific paper, then you'll find that there are many different topics to choose from. While you should never rely on a single idea for your essay about education samples, you can still use a vari ety of different topics to help you come up with the topic that will best fit your needs.